Monday, December 30, 2019

William Coverdale ( 1488-1569 ), The Great Bible - 911 Words

William Coverdale (1488-1569), The Great Bible The atmosphere changed in England as Rome and Henry the VIII came into conflict. Henry the VII wanted to divorce his Catholic wife, Katherine of Aragon, the Catholic Church refused. When the Pope refused, Henry VII renounced the Catholic Church and appointed himself head of the Church of England. To spite the Catholic Church and unify his kingdom, he ordered the Bible printed and translated into English, and placed in all the churches, the translation they placed in the churches was the Great Bible. Miles Coverdale was the editor behind the Great Bible, which used the Matthew’s Bible as its basis. The size of the Bible, 16 Â ½ inches by 11 inches was the reason it was called the Great Bible. The Geneva Bible (1560) When Mary Tudor (1553-1558) (Daughter of Henry VIII) became Queen of England, she tried to restore Catholicism Protestants were persecuted and killed. Many fled to John Calvin’s Geneva, where another translation of the English Bible was prepared, the Geneva Bible. The Geneva Bible translation (1557, 1560) was done under the direction of William Coverdale and John Knox and influenced by John Calvin. This Bible became popular in England after Mary Tudor’s execution and Protestant persecution stopped. An act of the Scottish Parliament required it compulsory for every householder who had an income above a certain amount, to buy a copy of the Geneva Bible. The popularity of the

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Discipline And Its Effect On Children - 1693 Words

Discipline is an act by which children learn standards of acceptable behavior and repercussions that they can apply towards greater independence. Although verbal discipline is generally recognized as being more appropriate for children, it may also carry emotionally damaging effects if practiced irresponsibly. Physical discipline is seen to be an unacceptable solution, because of the physical and emotional risks to the child. The goal of effective discipline is to ensure acceptable and appropriate behavior in children and to raise mature adults who will make great decisions in life. So, are physical and verbal forms of discipline more helpful or harmful to children? Discipline is a word that many people including adults and children do not fully understand. Kids see discipline as punishment when they are told that they are bad or if they receive physical harm. Punishment can be positive when there is an added behavior, or negative when there is a behavior that is taken away. For example, a positive form of punishment is if a parent gives a child his or her favorite snack in order for them to remember to use the phrases â€Å"please† and â€Å"thank you† in their everyday language. A negative punishment is if a child misbehaves in school and get his or her toys taken away. On the contrary, discipline is about guiding and teaching children so that they will make good decisions and learn to control themselves. Discipline offers the child an opportunity to do the right thing, and itShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Parental Discipline On Children1539 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Parental Discipline Introduction Paragraph 1 Lead In Parental discipline has several distinct effects on children’s lives, but at the end, all have the same objective. However, the result might be different from the expected. Every child is different and requires a different method of discipline. Physical discipline might be an option which parents might consider to put in use. B. Overview and Background: Many parents might be worried about what type of discipline is essential for theirRead MoreEffects Of Hearing Punishment On Children1563 Words   |  7 Pagespunishment? How about discipline? For numerous children they recall the abuse they have suffered. Meanwhile, others, more fortunate, will possibly recall time-outs or having a toy taken away. According to the Child Maltreatment 2014 report, â€Å"For 2014, a nationally estimated 1,580 children died of abuse and neglect at a rate of 2.13 per 100,000 children in the national population† (Child Maltreatment 2014). This rate is deplorable. More importantly, there is no reason children should suffer neglectRead MoreThe Case Against Spanking By Brendan L. Smith910 Words   |  4 Pagesresearchers has described that physical abuse and spanking can lead to some serious effects in children. Physical punishment can lead to aggression, antisocial behavior, and other negative effects physically and emotionally. The research and st udies have found evidence of abuse to children in short-terms and long-terms. The physical discipline has been viewed as a violation of Children’s Human Rights. Physical punishment of children became a taboo in 30 countries this legal ban is used only as public educationRead MoreCorporal Punishment And Its Effect On Children1617 Words   |  7 Pages Discipline Styles Parenting styles in the onset of any child’s life is a huge determinate of what their future will turn out to be. Parenting styles are the normative prototypes that parents utilize to socialize and manage their children. Different parents employ different styles of discipline to ensure that their children develop to be all-rounded adults. Children who have been nurtured well by their parents turn up as self-regulated with disciplined behavior. Child discipline is thus a key parentingRead More##k Of Parenting Children In The Veldt By Ray Bradbury754 Words   |  4 Pageshow to discipline their kids. In The Veldt, Ray Bradbury uses this parental dilemma to prove his thought that lack of discipline in children leads to grave consequences. His story was written in the 1950s, parenting was a lot more different then it is now, meaning parents were a lot stricter and more involved in their children’s lives. But, Bradbury started to notice that change in the coming years when it came to raising children. So in The Veldt, Bradbury uses the effect of spoiling children, lackRead More stop spanking: save the children Essays1258 Words   |  6 Pagescome to an end. Also known as corporal punishment, spanking is most often used as a form of discipline. Although it is said to have some benefits, the negative consequences far outweigh the good. According to Dr. Wilson and Dr. Lyon, â€Å"physical punishment delivered in anger with the intent to cause pain is unacceptable and dangerous to the health and well being of the child.†( Guidance for Effective Discipline, online) It is important for spanking to stop because it is ineffective, causes more problemsRead MorePhysical Discipline And Child Behavior Problems Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Physical Discipline and Child Behavior Problems: A study of Ethnic Group Differences† by Jodi Polaha, Robert E. Larzelere, Steven K. Sharpio and Gregory S. Petit is researching the relation between parent al discipline and how it relates to the child’s behavior expression problems within different ethnic groups. They’re addressing how physical discipline in different ethnic groups can affect children’s way of expressing themselves in distinct ways. Previous research shows when a parent’s discipline is abusiveRead MoreCorporal Punishment : A Form Of Discipline For Some Parents1551 Words   |  7 Pages Corporal punishment is used as a form of discipline for some parents. Corporal punishment can involve acts such as spanking, and can be viewed through a child’s perspective or an adult centered perspective. However, many parents are unaware of the drastic negative side effects that this form of punishment will have upon a child. These effects can be observed even if the child is spanked a small number of times as expressed by Murray Straus in Ten Myths That Perpetrate Corporal Punishment. AdditionallyRead MoreCorporal Punishment: What Are We Teaching Our Kids? Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagespunishment as a means of discipline. Arguably one of the most difficult things any parent has to face when raising a child is discipline. Many parents, whether having their first child or already raising a family, often ask themselves: is corporal punishment an acceptable form of discipline and what effect could it have on my child? Like Dr. Spock wrote in his parenting guide, â€Å"The best test of a punishment is whether it accomplishes what you are after without having harmful effects† (Spock NeedlmanRead MorePosition Paper- Child Abuse and Discipline1181 Words   |  5 PagesPARENTAL DISCIPLINE AND ABUSE Parental discipline and child abuse are among the most controversial topics currently, and they cause serious problems for children in the United States. Child abuse essentially focuses on the child’s bad behaviors and gives the child emotional and physical harms. Forms of abuse include spanking, hitting, saying negative things and corporal punishment. In fact, parental discipline is a much more appropriate way of dealing with negative behavior than using abusive

Saturday, December 14, 2019

The Return Nightfall Chapter 14 Free Essays

Elena woke up the next morning in Stefan’s narrow bed. She recognized this before she was fully awake and hoped to heaven that she had given Aunt Judith some reasonable excuse last night. Last night – the very concept was extremely fuzzy. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Nightfall Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now What had she been dreaming to make this wakening seem so extraordinary? She couldn’t remember – jeez, she couldn’t remember anything! And then she remembered everything. Sitting up with a jolt that would have sent her flying off the bed had she attempted it yesterday, she searched her recollections. Daylight. She remembered daylight, full light on her – and she didn’t have her ring. She took a frantic look at both hands. No ring. And she was sitting up in a shaft of sunlight and it wasn’t hurting her. It wasn’t possible. She knew, she remembered with a raw memory that pervaded every cell of her body, that daylight wouldkill her. She had learned that lesson with a single touch of a sunbeam to her hand. She would never forget the searing, scalding pain: the touch had imprinted a behavior on her forever. Go nowhere without the lapis lazuli ring that was beautiful in itself, but more beautiful in the knowledge that it was her savior. Without it, she might, shewould†¦ Oh.Oh. But she alreadyhad , hadn’t she? She’d died. Not simply Changed as she had when she’d become a vampire, but died the true death that no one came back from. In her own personal philosophy, she ought to have disintegrated into nameless atoms, or gone straight to hell. Instead she hadn’t reallygone anywhere. She’d had some dreams about fatherly or motherly people giving her advice – and of wanting very much to help people, who were suddenly much easier to understand. School bully? She had watched sadly as his drunken father took his own outrages out on him night after night. That girl who never got her homework done? She was expected to raise three younger sisters and brothers while her mother lay in bed all day. Just getting the baby fed and cleaned took all the time she had. There was always a reason behind any behavior, and now she could see it. She had even communicated with people through their dreams. And then one of the Old Ones had arrived in Fell’s Church, and it was all she could do to stand his interference in the dreams and not run away. He caused the humans to call for Stefan’s help – and Damon had accidentally been summoned, too. And Elena had helped them all she could even when it had been almost unbearable, because Old Ones knew about love and which buttons to push and how to make your enemies run in all the right directions. But they had fought him – and they had won. And Elena, in trying to heal Stefan’s mortal wounds, had somehow ended up mortal again herself: naked, lying on the ground of the Old Wood, with Damon’s jacket over her, while Damon himself had disappeared without waiting for thanks. And that awakening had been of basic things: things of the senses: touch, taste, hearing, sight – and of the heart, but not of the head. Stefan had been so good to her. â€Å"And now, what am I?† Elena said aloud, staring as she turned her hands over and over, marveling at the solid, mortal flesh that obeyed the laws of gravity. Shehad said that she’d give up flying for him. Someone had taken her at her word. â€Å"You’re beautiful,† Stefan answered absently, not moving. Then suddenly he rocketed up.†You’re talking!† â€Å"I know I am.† â€Å"And making sense!† â€Å"Thank you kindly.† â€Å"And in sentences!† â€Å"I’ve noticed.† â€Å"Go on, then, and say something long – please,† Stefan said as if he didn’t believe it. â€Å"You’ve been hanging out too much with my friends,† Elena said. â€Å"That sentence has Bonnie’s impudence, Matt’s courtesy, and Meredith’s insistence on the facts.† â€Å"Elena, it’s you!† Instead of keeping up the silly dialogue with â€Å"Stefan, itis me!† Elena stopped to think. Then, carefully she got out of bed and took a step. Stefan hastily looked away, handing her a robe.Stefan? Stefan? Silence. When Stefan turned around after a decent interval, he saw Elena kneeling in the sunlight holding the robe. â€Å"Elena?† She knew that to him, she looked like a very young angel in meditation. â€Å"Stefan.† â€Å"But you’re crying.† â€Å"I’m human again, Stefan.† She lifted a hand, let it fall into the clutches of gravity. â€Å"I’m human again. No more, no less. I guess it just took me a few days to get fully back on track.† She looked into his eyes. They were always suchgreen green eyes. Like green crystal with some offside light behind them. Like a summer leaf held up before the sun. I can read your mind. â€Å"But I can’t read yours, Stefan. I can only get a general sense, and even that may be going†¦we can’t count on anything.† Elena, I have all I want in this room.He patted the bed.Sit by me and I can say â€Å"all I want is on this bed.† Instead she got up and threw herself at him, arms around his neck, legs tangled with his. â€Å"I’m still very young,† she whispered, holding him tightly. â€Å"And if you count it in days, we haven’t had many days together like this, but – â€Å" â€Å"I’m still far too old for you. But to be able to look at you and seeyou looking back at me – â€Å" â€Å"Tell me you’ll love me forever.† â€Å"I’ll love you forever.† â€Å"No matter what happens.† â€Å"Elena, Elena – I’ve loved you as mortal, as vampire, as pure spirit, as spiritual child – and now as human again.† â€Å"Promise we’ll be together.† â€Å"We’ll be together.† â€Å"No. Stefan, this isme .† She pointed to her head as if to emphasize that behind her gold-flecked blue eyes there was a bright active mind spinning in overdrive. â€Å"Iknow you. Even if I can’t read your mind I can read your face. All the old fears – they’re back, aren’t they?† He looked away. â€Å"I will never leave you.† â€Å"Not for a day? Not for an hour?† He hesitated and then looked up at her.If that’s what you really want. I won’t leave you, even for an hour. Now he was projecting, she knew, for she could hear him. â€Å"I release you from all your promises.† â€Å"But, Elena, I mean them.† â€Å"I know. But when you do go, I don’t want you to have the guilt of breaking them looming over you as well.† Even without telepathy, she could tell what he was thinking to the tiniest shade of a nuance:Humor her. After all, she’d just woken up. She was probably a little confused. And she wasn’t interested in becoming less confused, or in making him less confused. That must be why she was nipping his chin gently. And kissing him. Certainly, Elena thought, one of the two of them was confused†¦. Time seemed to stretch and then stop around them. And then nothing was confusing at all. Elena knew that Stefan knew what she wanted, and he wanted whatever she wanted him to do. Bonnie stared at the numbers on her phone, concerned. Stefan was calling. Then she ran a hasty hand through her hair, fluffing the curls out, and took the video call. But instead of Stefan it was Elena. Bonnie started to giggle, started to tell her not to play with Stefan’s grown-up toys – and then she stared. â€Å"Elena?† â€Å"Am I going to get this every time? Or only from my sister-witch?† â€Å"Elena?† â€Å"Awake and good as new,† Stefan said, getting in the picture. â€Å"We called as soon as we woke up – â€Å" â€Å"Ele – but it’s noon!† Bonnie blurted out. â€Å"We’ve been occupied with this and that,† Elena cut in smoothly, and oh, wasn’t it good to hear Elena talk that way! Half innocent and wholly smug about it, making you want to shake her and beg her for every wicked detail. â€Å"Elena,†Bonnie gasped, using the nearest wall for support, and then sliding down it, and allowing an armload of socks, shirts, pajamas, and underwear to shower down onto the carpet, while tears began to leak out of her eyes. â€Å"Elena, they said you’d have to leave Fell’s Church – will you?† Elena bridled. â€Å"They saidwhat ?† â€Å"That you and Stefan would have to leave for your own good.† â€Å"Never in this world!† â€Å"Little lovely lo – † began Stefan, and then abruptly he stopped, opening and shutting his mouth. Bonnie stared. It had happened at the bottom of the screen, out of sight, but she could almost swear that Stefan’s little lovely love had just elbowed him in the stomach. â€Å"Ground zero, two o’clock?† Elena was asking. Bonnie snapped back to reality. Elena never gave you time for reflection. â€Å"I’llbe there!† she cried. â€Å"Elena,† Meredith breathed. And then â€Å"Elena!† like a half-chocked sob. â€Å"Elena!† â€Å"Meredith. Oh, don’t make me cry, this blouse is pure silk!† â€Å"It’s pure silk because it’s my pure silk sari blouse, that’s why!† Elena suddenly looked as innocent as an angel. â€Å"You know, Meredith, I seem to have grown much taller lately – â€Å" â€Å"If the end of that sentence is ;;so it really fitsme better'† – Meredith’s voice was threatening – â€Å"then I’m warning you, Elena Gilbert†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She broke off, and both girls began to laugh and then to cry. â€Å"You can have it! Oh, you can have it!† â€Å"Stefan?† Matt waved his phone – first cautiously, then banging it into the wall of the garage. â€Å"I can’t see – † He stopped, swallowed. â€Å"E-le-na?† The word came out slowly, with a pause between each syllable. â€Å"Yes, Matt. I’m back. Even up here.† She pointed to her forehead. â€Å"Will you meet with us?† Matt, leaning on his newly purchased, almost-running car, was muttering, â€Å"Thank God, thank God,† over and over. â€Å"Matt? I can’t see you. Are you okay?† Shuffling sounds. â€Å"I think he fainted.† Stefan’s voice: â€Å"Matt? Shereally wants to see you.† â€Å"Yeah, yeah.† Matt lifted his head up, blinking at the phone. â€Å"Elena, Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I’m so sorry, Matt. You don’t have to come – â€Å" Matt laughed shortly. â€Å"Are yousure you’re Elena?† Elena smiled the smile that had broken a thousand hearts. â€Å"In that case – Matt Honeycutt, I insist that you come and meet with us at Ground Zero at two o’clock. Is that more like it?† â€Å"I think you’ve almost got it down. The old Elena Imperial Manner.† He coughed theatrically, sniffed, and said, â€Å"Sorry – I’ve got a little cold; or allergies, maybe.† â€Å"Don’t be silly, Matt. You’re bawling like a baby and so am I,† Elena said. â€Å"And so were Bonnie and Meredith, when I called them. SoI’ve been crying nearly all day – and at this rate I’ll have to scramble to get a picnic ready and be on time. Meredith’s planning to pick you up. Bring something to drink or eat. Love ya!† Elena put down the phone, breathing hard. â€Å"Nowthat was tough.† â€Å"He still loves you.† â€Å"He’d rather that I stayed a baby all my life?† â€Å"Maybe he liked the way you used to say  ¡Ã‚ ®hello’ and ;;good-bye.'† â€Å"Now you’re teasing me.† Elena quivered her chin. â€Å"Never in this world,† Stefan said softly. Then, suddenly, he grabbed her hand. â€Å"Come on – we’re going shopping for a picnic and a car, too,† he said, pulling her up. Elena startled both of them by flying up so quickly that Stefan had to grab her by the waist to keep her from shooting toward the ceiling. â€Å"I thought you had gravity!† â€Å"So did I! What do I do?† â€Å"Think heavy thoughts!† â€Å"What if it doesn’t work?† â€Å"We’ll buy you an anchor!† At two o’clock Stefan and Elena arrived at the Fell’s Church graveyard in a brand-new red Jaguar; Elena was wearing dark glasses under a scarf with all her hair pinned up under it, a muffler around her lower face, and black lace mitts borrowed from Mrs. Flowers’ younger days, which she admitted she didn’t know why she was wearing. She made quite a picture, Meredith said, with the violet sari top and jeans. Bonnie and Meredith had already spread a cloth for a picnic, and the ants were sampling sandwiches and grapes and low-fat pasta salad. Elena told the story of how she had woken up this morning, and then there was more hugging and kissing and crying than the males could stand. â€Å"You want to see the woods around here? Check if those malach things are around?† Matt said to Stefan. â€Å"They’d better not be,† Stefan said. â€Å"If the trees this far from where you had your accident are infested – â€Å" â€Å"Not good?† â€Å"Serious trouble.† They were about to go when Elena called them back. â€Å"You can stop looking all male and superior,† she added. â€Å"Suppressing your emotions isbad for you. Expressing them keeps you well balanced.† â€Å"Listen, you’re tougher than I thought,† Stefan said. â€Å"Having picnics at a cemetery?† â€Å"We used to find Elena here all the time,† Bonnie said, pointing to a nearby headstone with a celery stick. â€Å"It’s my parents’ gravesite,† Elena explained simply. â€Å"After the accident – I always felt closer to them here than anywhere. I would come here when things got bad, or when I needed to have a question answered.† â€Å"Did you ever get any answers?† Matt asked, taking a home-preserved cucumber pickle from a glass jar and passing the jar on. â€Å"I’m not sure, even now,† Elena said. She had taken off the dark glasses, muffler, headscarf, and mitts. â€Å"But it always made me feel better. Why? Do you have a question?† â€Å"Well – yeah,† Matt said unexpectedly. Then he flushed as he suddenly found himself the center of attention. Bonnie rolled over to stare at him, the stalk of celery at her lips, Meredith scooted in, Elena sat up. Stefan, who had been leaning against an elaborate headstone with unconscious vampire grace, sat down. â€Å"What is it, Matt?† â€Å"I was going to say, you don’t look right today,† Bonnie said anxiously. â€Å"Thankyou ,† Matt snapped. Tears pooled in Bonnie’s brown eyes. â€Å"I didn’t mean – â€Å" But she didn’t get to finish. Meredith and Elena drew in protectively around her in the solid phalanx of what they called â€Å"velociraptor sisterhood.† It meant that anybody messing with one of them was messing with them all. â€Å"Sarcasm instead of chivalry? That’s hardly the Matt I know.† Meredith spoke with one eyebrow raised. â€Å"She was only trying to be sympathetic,† Elena pointed out quietly. â€Å"And that was a cheap comeback.† â€Å"Okay, okay! I’m sorry – reallysorry, Bonnie† – he turned toward her, looking ashamed – â€Å"It was a nasty thing to say and I know you were only trying to be nice. I just – I don’t really know what I’m doing or saying. Anyway, do you want to hear the thing,† he finished, looking defensive, â€Å"or not?† Everyone did. â€Å"Okay, here it is. I went to visit Jim Bryce this morning – you remember him?† â€Å"Sure. I went out with him. Captain of the basketball team. Nice guy. A little bit young, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Meredith shrugged. â€Å"Jim’s okay.† Matt swallowed. â€Å"Well, it’s just – I don’t want to gossip or anything, but – â€Å" â€Å"Gossip!† the three girls commanded him in unison, like a Greek chorus. Matt quailed. â€Å"Okay, okay! Well – I was supposed to be over there at ten o’clock, but I got there a little early, and – well, Caroline was there. She was leaving.† There were three little shocked gasps and a sharp look from Stefan. â€Å"You mean you think she spent the night with him?† â€Å"Stefan!† Bonnie began. â€Å"This isn’t how proper gossip goes. You never just outright say what you think – â€Å" â€Å"No,† Elena said evenly. â€Å"Let Matt answer. I can remember enough from before I could talk to be worried about Caroline.† â€Å"More than worried,† Stefan said. Meredith nodded. â€Å"It’s not gossip; it’s necessary information,† she said. â€Å"Okay, then.† Matt gulped. â€Å"Well, yeah, that was what I thought. He said she’d come early to see his little sister, but Tamra is only about fifteen. And he turned bright red when he said it.† There were sober glances between the others. â€Å"Caroline’s always been†¦well, sleazy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  began Bonnie. â€Å"But I’ve never heard that she even gave Jim a second glance,† finished Meredith. They looked to Elena for an answer. Elena slowly shook her head. â€Å"I certainly can’t see any earthly reason for her visiting Tamra. And besides† – she looked up quickly at Matt – â€Å"you’re holding out on us somehow. What else happened?† â€Å"Somethingmore happened? Did Caroline flash her lingerie?† Bonnie was laughing until she saw Matt’s red face. â€Å"Hey – c’mon, Matt. This isus . You can tell us anything.† Matt drew in a deep breath and shut his eyes. â€Å"Okay, well – as she was going out, I think – I think Caroline†¦propositioned me.† â€Å"She didwhat ?† â€Å"She wouldnever – â€Å" â€Å"How, Matt?† Elena asked. â€Å"Well – Jim thought she’d left, and he went to the garage to get his basketball, and I turned around and suddenly Caroline was back again, and she said – well, it doesn’t matter what she said. But it was about her liking football better than basketball and did I want to be a sport.† â€Å"And what did you say?† Bonnie breathed, fascinated. â€Å"I didn’t say anything. I just stared at her.† â€Å"And then Jim came back?† Meredith suggested. â€Å"No! And then Caroline left – she gave me this look, you know, that made things pretty clear as to what she meant – and thenTami came in.† Matt’s honest face was flaming by now. â€Å"And then – I don’t know how to say it. Maybe Caroline said something about me to make her do it to me, because she – she†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Matt.† Stefan had scarcely spoken until this point; now he leaned forward and spoke quietly. â€Å"We’re not asking just because we want to gossip. We’re trying to find out if there’s something seriously wrong happening in Fell’s Church. So – please – just tell us what happened.† How to cite The Return: Nightfall Chapter 14, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

A Thousand Splendid Suns free essay sample

In a culture such as Afghanistan where women are constantly being degraded and treated as property, one can imagine their emotional stability is far from being strong. The women of the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns, are continually faced with a whirlwind of abuse and death and are constantly rejected the emotional support they seek in their times of desperation. Although, in time of war, when physical shelter is vital in their survival, it is emotional shelter that drives the difficult decisions the main characters face and the novels key plot in the heart retching story that shatters the hearts of many readers. Mariam was a young girl who adored both her mother and her father. Unfortunately, Jalil, Mariams father, was a rich man who did not play a big part in Mariam’s life as a child. Mariam praised her father when he came over with presents for her. Later in the novel, Mariam makes a request to watch a movie in her fathers’ cinema with all her brothers and sisters for her birthday; her fathers’ vow ultimately fails. The reason that Tariq might not think that it is a bad idea is because even though he has experienced it first hand he might hope that the United states will help the suffering people of his country. In helping to fight against the Taliban who are causing all the trouble in this country. Although Laila does not view the United States Joining in the same way she says Not so bad? People dying? Women, children, old people? Homes destroyed again. To Laila it would all be the same because she has seen people die and because of this experiencing such things it has effected her physically and emotionally. Laila would add that war brings death , which would mean that a lot of people would lose their lives in it, the deaths of people would emotionally break down families, which would all lead to being completely miserable and unhappy. Both Laila and Tariqs contradicting views on war would have to do with personal experiences that each individually had so they could say such things about the war in their country. Laila and Tariq are not Just the only ones who have experienced war. The reason is because war has happened in many countries whether it be civil or controversial and one specifically that the United States went into to interfere with was the Vietnam War. The United States entered this war to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam . To do such a thing they used a containment policy that used military, economic, and diplomatic strategies so that they could reduce the spread of communism which would in their eyes enhance Americas security and prevent a domino affect of Communism spreading all over. This single war out of many that have happened having to do with the U. S. this was the longest war in American history. This was one of the most unpopular American wars that happened during the twentieth century. This war alone caused nearly 60,000 American deaths alone not including those who were injured. Because of this war today many Americans still ask if it was worth American effort in Vietnam or if it was Just a careless mistake, or an actual necessary war to go interfere in Just so that the South Vietnamese would be protected from a totalitarian government. Because of wars like these many people re affected and lose family members that should still be alive but are not do to choices that were taken in Joining another countries war and helping with their War its self affects many aspects of many peoples every day lifes and with the United States reputation of Joining other wars to interfere with their problems has become very common and not only affects civilians personally but economically as well. Today the war in Iraq has a price of $59,202,453,105 cost of war in Iraq to our community and , 143 cost of war in Pakistan to our community and is still climbing by the day. This very large amount of money shouldnt even be being asted because we shouldnt even be over seas trying to fix other countries problems. The main reason that anyone might argue as reason that soldiers are staying in Iraq when there is no war happening is because of the large abundance of oil that this country has that we the United States can get a hold of for a discount possibly because of helping resolve their problems. Because of being over seas the money spent on keeping military soldiers there is becoming more and more expensive. Which leads us to see the total amount of money($81 ,502,827,471) that wars have cost since 2001 . Because of the United States actions we as a nation are in ational debt which is still rising unfortunately especially in the area of war which is also causing many military soldiers to lose their lives because of problems that they shouldnt have went into. For this reason things like economies suffering, people dying, and problems being solved each make many people have different points of view of wars like the ones that are happening in our world today but one thing that will never change is that people will always die and economies will suffer because of wars ,and if we dont try to change this then people who make the decisions to go to war will be sending eople off to their deaths and will worsen our economy which would then make their own people suffer. Because of things like this a wise man of our countries U. S. Army once said Wars can be prevented Just as surely as they can be provoked and we who fail to prevent them, must share the guilt for the dead. (Omar N. Bradley, General of the U. S. Army, 1893-1981) which will continue to happen if we do keep on happening if we the United States dont take into consideration the consequences that come with their actions when interfering in another countries problems.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

What ideas underpinned mid an Example by

What ideas underpinned mid Introduction The mid-Victorian period can be characterized as a period of prosperity and economic freedom although according to Arnold Hauser and Jonathan Harris the social problems during this time were mostly unresolved. Among the dominant ideas during this period were entrepreneurship and innovations which brought economic prosperity during the mid-Victorian period, and the quest for self determination in which the main objective is to limit the states interference in both the economic and social spheres. Francois Crouzet (1982) calls this idea as the high noon of liberalism (p. 105) or the age of laissez-faire in which the basic principle of is that the welfare of both the community and the individuals is best serve when the markets for good, capitals, land, labour, and so on, are left to the free play of supply and demand (Crouzet, p. 105). Need essay sample on "What ideas underpinned mid" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The mid-Victorian period as an age of prosperity and pacification In contrast to the early Victorian age, the mid-Victorian period is an age characterized by relative prosperity as England according to Hauser, and Harris, becomes the workshop of the world, prices rise, the living conditions of the working class are improved, socialism is rendered harmless, the political ascendancy of the bourgeoisie is consolidated (Hauser, A. the sharp edge of these social problems is removed (p. 122). The relative economic prosperity enjoyed by the society that can be attributed to the benefit of industrialization, had persuaded intellectuals to seldom discuss the social problems, but draft great pictures of society, and renouncing the propagation of social-political thesis. Thus, the dominant ideas during this time were entrepreneurship and innovation that had brought economic prosperity and growth. Crouzet cited that, Britain had numerous groups of entrepreneurs who were active, dynamic and bold, ready to size every profit opportunity, open to technological progress in the favorable atmosphere of a society which placed high value on material success. (p. 104). However, the free play of trade and commerce were not really that smooth that it breeds revolutionary endeavors which demanded reforms. The idea of economic reforms The early part of the mid-Victorian period can be described as a quiescent society because generally, people were enjoying the economic benefit of industrialization. However, this relative economic prosperity did not solve the economic effects and the social hardship brought by the industrialization of England. The economic effects of industrialization, according to George Finlayson (1994), are dependent on the emphasis on provident behavior which he identified as the optimistic and pessimistic interpretation (p 22). The pessimistic interpretation according to him is the need for improvement through mutual help which is a help from within or from within a group of likeminded persons who came together to meet common needs and advance common interest (Finlayson, p. 22) The optimistic interpretation of the effect of industrialization on the other hand, deals with the opportunities for individual advancement offered by industrialization (Finlayson, p. 22). It means of the individual who sought to take advantage of economic development to meet their needs and to advance their interest by their own effort (p. 22) Peter Mandler (2006) pointed out that the idea of a generally beneficent free market continued to dominate public discourse in the mid-Victorian period (p. 211). Most of the discourses talks about economic reforms as the existing Georgian aristocratic economic mode favors only elite capitalist. Walter Garrison Runciman stated, England had evolved out of its Georgian commercial-aristocratic-oligarchic mode into a recognizably capitalist-liberal-democratic one (p. 39). The mid-Victorian society was classically liberal and quiescent society because according to Runciman it was the period aptly labeled as the age of equipoise in which capital and labour have come to terms within a restricted franchise and an ideology of individualism and self help (p. 39). Finlayson explained this period as the individualistic ideology which ran through the voluntarist-localist welfare provision of the period (p. 104) This period according to him have often been seen as a Period of economic prosperity for many sections of the community (p. 104). The 1880 brought changes to the Victorian period through the pressures from different segments of the society, such as the organizational and technological changes which compelled their employees to modify their relationship with one another, the growing need for administrative worker, and the tilting balance of agriculture (Finlayson p. 40). All these changes happened during the 1880s. Harold James Perkin (1969) stated that the mid-Victorian era were already showing some signs of change which in the last twenty years of the century was to change the social structure of the English politics (p. 380). Perkins explains that this change had to do with with the change in character of the middle class and the decline of the entrepreneurial ideal (p. 380). Conclusion The underpinning ideas during the mid-Victorian society can be summed up in just two categories: The ideas regarding the effects of industrializations on which people had shown different interpretation and courses of action. The other is the demand for reforms that had brought important change during the times of the mid-Victorian period. The mid-Victorian period can be aptly labeled as the classically quiescent and liberal society because it was during this period that the individual and the general society rose to economic prosperity through their own effort. It was also during this period that the essence of the capitalist-liberal-democratic society was enjoyed and benefited the society through the impact of industrialization. References Crouzet, F. (1982) The Victorian Economy USA: Routlege Finlayson, G. (1994) Citizens, State, and Social Welfare in Britain 1830-1990 USA: Oxford University Press Hauser, A. & Harris, J. (1999) The Social History of Art UK: Routlege Mandler, P. (2006) The English National Character Great Britain: Yale University Press Perkins, H. J. (1969) The Origins of Modern English Society 1780-1880 Great Britain: Routlege, Runciman, W. G. (1997) A Treatise on Social Theory UK: Cambridge University Press

Monday, November 25, 2019

e-business Models and Benefits essays

e-business Models and Benefits essays The business to consumer website is often used for commercial purposes. The term applies to businesses or organizations that sell products and services to consumers over the internet, as long as those services are for the consumer's own use. The website owner sets specific prices for specific merchandise, and the consumer pays those prices. Their target audience is the average consumer, rather than businesses or An example of a B2C website is that of Barnes located at bn.com. Barnes the average consumer looking to purchase products ranging from books to music and gifts. The site is designed to sell merchandise to individuals. In order to better serve their target audience, sites like Barnes Noble use multiple features to assist their customers. For example, the Barnes site contains a search feature. This search allows consumers to quickly and easily find the item they wish to purchase. Conversely, they also offer a browse feature, designed for the consumer looking to purchase an item, but not knowing which item they want. Each type of item is broken down into specific categories for easier searching. Additionally, B2C models such as that used by Barnes also offer features to enhance their customers' experiences. The Barnes site for example offers online book clubs as well as membership clubs, which offer the consumer additional money-saving opportunities. Customers can also use their online shopping cart to place or change orders, as well as check the Still further, B2C sites like Barnes offer wish list creation, to allow consumers to place items they will eventually buy on a list for later retrieval. This type of customization can also be seen in relation to shipping options, as consumers can choose how quickly the merchandise is to be shipped. The site also offers newslett...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Polish migration to United Kingdom Research Paper

Polish migration to United Kingdom - Research Paper Example The system of wages in the United Kingdom is prominently higher than many of the states in European Union and also those states which are not parts of European Union. This paper is aimed to analyse and explicate the impact of Polish migration to United Kingdom under the free movement policy of the European Union on the economy of United Kingdom. It also presents the description of migrations to the United Kingdom and its impact on its economy. Lastly, this paper also provides recommendation for the United Kingdom to remain a part of European Union or to withdraw from it in concordance with the analysis of the economy and Polish migrations to United Kingdom. European Union and Free Movement Law European Union is a transnational political and economic union consisting twenty eight members primarily from Europe. The operations of European Union are conducted through supranational institutions which are independent. The decisions of European Union are finalized after intergovernmental ne gotiations with all of the member states (Thomson 3-9). On these bases, the legislation for free movement of persons, immigrations and asylums has been passed with mutual consent of every state in European Union. This policy of free movement is the basic principle of the Treaty in article 45. The Treaty is based on the functioning of the European Union. ... He would not be required to take the work permit to work in the migrated country and he can also be a resident of that country for the purpose of work. According to this policy, a person can stay in the migrated European Union state after the end of his employment with the right to have an equal amount of treatment as the nationals of that state enjoy. This includes access to employment in any field, the working conditions of the organization where the immigrant has been employed and every other social or financial advantage (European Commissions para. 2). Immigration to United Kingdom The United Kingdom has been one of the most favourite countries for the asylum seekers and migration mostly from former colonies such as India, Caribbean, Pakistan, Kenya, South Africa and Hong Kong. After the enactment of British nationality Act in 1981, the immigration to the United Kingdom has substantially elevated not only from non-European Union countries but also from the countries which are mem bers of European Union (BBC 5-10). As mentioned in the introductory paragraph of this paper, the United Kingdom is a member state of European Union. The free movement of workers has played a significant role in the increase of immigrations to the United Kingdom from the member states of European Union (BBC 9-10). According to a report from BBC, there were 567,000 individuals who arrived to live in United Kingdom out of which 371,000 left. Despite of this, the total inward migration to the United Kingdom was 196,000 in 2009 (BBC UK para. 1). In 2006, the number of approved citizenship is 154,095 from which the applications received were 149,035 for British citizenship. The major groups from the granted citizenships

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Management case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management - Case Study Example There is a feeling of job insecurity. Shank’s social needs have not been met too by her previous employer. She did not feel a sense of belonging because the owners just did not seem to care about their employees. Shank’s esteem needs were not satisfied too. The company did not show any appreciation for their employees. She did not feel that she is being valued as an employee and she felt that she was taken for granted; thus, her self-esteem and personal worth was at a low. Her ideas were not important to management. Even her self-actualizing needs were not met because they were not concerned with her personal growth. There are several things that can be done to meet these missing needs such as recognizing achievements of employees through promotions, bonuses and salary increases, so they will feel appreciated and valued. Job security should also be provided for including the giving of retirement benefits. Management should also provide employees opportunities to reach t heir full career potential. Use the Expectancy Theory and/or the Equity Theory of motivation to explain how feeling underpaid might affect the work of a Flight 001 associate and what a manager can do to increase the employee's motivation.

Monday, November 18, 2019

Government Regulations - Propose Regulation Change Essay

Government Regulations - Propose Regulation Change - Essay Example The Coalition contends that per the 1991 Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has jurisdiction and exclusive authority to regulate interstate faxes. In the 2003 TCPA Order the Commission determined it would consider state regulations and conflicting state and federal regulations on a case-by-case basis. The Coalition asserts that 50 different state laws would result in undue hardship and expense with respect to interstate business faxing. The Coalition has asked the FCC to exert its preemptive jurisdictional authority and enforce the Federal regulation and not consider the petitions on an individual basis. This would maintain consistency in the EBR exemption in all states as written into the Do-Not-Fax law of 2005. As a party with a vested interest in interstate fax communication, I oppose the Coalition's blanket approach to advocating preemptive FCC jurisdiction. It is my opinion that business would be better served by postponing a ruling on the petition to give the FCC ample time to draft a proposal to fairly regulate business to business faxing at the federal level. The FCC needs to offer an enforceable solution with definable and verifiable terms, reasonable opt out methods, and an acceptable expiration time of the EBR.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Concepts of change management

Concepts of change management Understanding change management is essential for successful information systems development and implementation in the 21st century Introduction In this assignment work I would like to present the features and concepts of change management and the effect caused in an organisation in the 21st century. I am explaining this through by an organization Infosys Technologies in which I worked after completing my bachelors. After knowing the concept of change management through the lecture and seminar periods, I can say that the change management is very important as I can compare the concept of change management and it is very useful in developing the organisation. Introduction to my Organisation: Infosys Technologies Limited was started in 1981. Today our organization is a worldwide leader of IT and consulting with Overton of over US$ 4 billion. Infosys is defined a delivers and design technology which enabled business solutions .Infosys also provides a complete range of services with leading technology providers. Infosys is Indian based company which is in the top ten business companies. They are a wide range of clients from different sectors as financial, technical, Software and many others. They offer different services they are application services, product engineering, maintenance, testing and validation services, etc. They use Global Delivery Model which is based on the principle of choosing the work place where the talent is best available, where it has least amount of risk and best economic sense. Infosys believe in developing the trust with the communities in which they operate to attain for long period as a corporation. As soon as I completed my B.Tech in the field of Computer science I joined in the courses like Unix and .Net. These courses where completed in about six months of time and I attended the certification exams for these courses as well. After completion of course exams I applied for job interviews and then I got into this company called Infosys as a technical support. Then I got training in communication skills as it is very necessary for the job requirement. Here in the company the person who is responsible for every aspect of the project is manager. The manager should evade all the problems that come within the project and he should be able to get the successful outcome from the given resources. In a project its not only the resources that are important but also the technology in order to run successful organization. Some of the transformational changes are taken by the senior manager so that will be useful in developing the project lifecycle. Because the organization wants to make changes so we can transform from senior management to a transformational leader. Employees were hired who have good skills, communication skills and also who have quality to enter into the project development team. During the training periods the managers will be checking the employees skills and improvement. After few weeks if there is a difference in their performance the employee may be removed from the project and again will be put through training period. Definition of Change Management: The name Change management itself derives as managing the change. Change management is derived as the process, equipment and techniques that are used to manage the change processes of people side. Change management is very important in this competitive world as in every organisation or company change occurs at some point this may occur due to change in technology , working conditions , to achieve the required outputs ,or to compete the competitors etc., By this we can say that change management is very important for a successfully running company or organisation. The levels of changes in the Change Management. They are Alpha Change Beta Change Gamma Change Alpha Change: Alpha change is a gradual incremental planned approach that emerge for a short time and which focuses on a particular point within an company or organisation. Alpha change helps in identifying the objective and delivers the required change. When i was working in a company or organization i had a short time change where i was working on UNIX and on the other side we had an another project which was based on JAVA has been in pending and the deadline was about to come. So, our project manager has assigned some of our project members to the JAVA project. So we had three hours of JAVA training every day and worked hard to finish the project in time. We were successful in delivering the project on time. There was no difficulty in this type of change but the employees must be mentally prepared. Beta Change: Beta change is a gradual incremental emergent approach which develops over a period of time to make the complete change in the organisation. This change is a planned change. Gamma Change: Gamma change is nothing but a transformational and full attempt to create a change in the organisation. This is a high range change. Gamma change involves high risk when compared to alpha and beta change. In this change we cannot expect the output. Lewins Model of Change: This model consists of three stages. They are Unfreezing Changing or Movement Refreeze Unfreezing: Unfreezing is the change where they violate down active ways of doing things, discarding the conventional methods and behaviours patterns and introducing a new methods and behaviours. Education, communication, participating in decision making etc.., is some of the techniques used for unfreezing. Changing or Movement: Change or movement is the change where they move towards the proposed change, where they learn new methodologies. This is the change where problems arise and they tackle it efficiently it is a time of trail and error. Refreezing: Refreezing is making the change permanent. It is the final stage where new concepts become habitual, which includes developing new concepts and establishing new interpersonal relationships. Investigate: Every company or organisation has a strategy .The main duty of this strategy is to find out the strengths and weakness of the company and finding the different solutions. For investigation we have three main models. They are SWOT Analysis PEST Analysis System Model SWOT Analysis: SWOT Analysis was the main analysis for our organisation. SWOT is abbreviated as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. In our organization the main Strengths were good team management, brand, staff, market position, financial position, services and growing . The weakness of our company was sales channels, lack of new technologies and competitive vulnerability. The opportunities of our company were new complimentary market ,strategic alliances like funding, sales, products, market position for growth and the main threats of our company were the economy, lose of key staff , cash flow, falling sales, decreasing profits etc.. By the SWOT analysis we came to know about the companys Strenghts, weakness, opportunities and threats which helped in improving the companys weak points and work on it more. Pest Analysis: PEST Analysis is abbreviated as Political, Economical , Sociocultural And Technology factors. Political Factors: The political structure of India is stable but there is a hung parliament fear its due to the parliaments unclear majority , the customer projections and the terrorists attacks, the govt. Position on marketing. The government decides whether to give more IT works or not. Economical Factors: The economical factors consist of economy rates, the employee level of per capita. In 2009 our company IT domestic spending of IT is raised by more percentage. The rental has been decreased due to real estate decline. Sociocultural Factor: The sociocultural factors by the word itself derives as the social and cultural .Social and cultural always vary from country to country as it depends on the different criterias like the domain religion, language, customer time, population ,strong and weak opinions etc Technological factors: Technology plays a vital role in competitive advantages and is important of globalization. In our company the technological factors are it uses the low cost technologies and provides modernization challenge and opportunities. System Model: The seven s model is used to know about the company and its accuracy. It mainly has seven elements they are Style Skills Systems Strategy Structure Shared Values Staff From the Above diagram we can see all the seven-s are connected to each other. So if there is any change in a single element it effect all the other elements. Here the first three elements i.e.., the strategy, structure and the systems are the hardware of the organization and rest of all the elements are the software of the organization. Decide: After completion of investigation now we have a clear idea to set some objectives which are used for implementing the change. They are by training the employees in new technologies ,by keeping the goals for the projects individually and motivating the employees by creating the short time wins during the change effort and by planning a get together for the achievements and installing all the new technologies into the system. Enable: Enable is known as the planning stage for implementing the changes and allocate the recourses. It is very important for every organization or a company to know the different phases because if they find any error we can overcome them easily. They are mainly four phases. They are Exploration Phase Planning Phase Action phase Integration phase Exploration Phase: In this phase organisation are consults for better implementations of the modify. There are different types of consultancy. Schein (1987) suggests three important models of consultation. They are Expert Model Doctor Patient Model Process Consultation Model Expert Model: In expert model if a problem arises the model organisation identifies its problem and the consultancy is the expert which gives solution to the organization. According to E H Schein (1985) the boundary of tasks are clearly identified boundary and are highly specific. The type of tasks the expert model applies on technical or task issue and the diagnosis is done by client assumption as the client is right and the consultants do what ever the client tell them. Doctor Patient Model: In doctor patient model the consultant acts as a doctor and the organization as the patient. In this model consultancy diagnose the problem which arise in an organisation and tells the solution to the organisation and the organisation is dependable for applying the solution whether to apply the solution or to find an other solution but they have to track on the solution which was given by the consultancy. According to E H Schein (1985) the margins of task is quite specific but with the potential development depending on what the output is and the tasks which are done by doctor patient model is generally connected with human organizations. Process consultancy model the key role is in between the consultant and the clients trust. The consultant identifies the problem in the organization and gives the solution. In this process we unfreeze the system and then install the new change and when the change is installed successfully then we have to refreeze the system. According to E H Schein (1985) process consultancy model has a very wide potential boundaries and although the consultant comes out with a new problem solution methods this is solved in joined way. The output is very much responsible on both consultant and client so they need to have a high level of trust between them. Planned Phase: After the problem is solved the implementation of the change should be planned. Here in this planned phase the expert plays an important role in the plan of change. In this phase we will know what are the step[s in planning ? And what are the stages involved in planning? The consultant will help the company in each and every phase as if they will not be able to solve the problem then they will go for the help of experts. Action Phase: Only experts are meant to do the actions. They will be involved from the very first stage till the end stage. Integration Phase: The last phase is the integration phase. Each and every company have their own requirements which will be fulfilled in the implementation of the planned and action phases and then the employees will start their work on their projects. The employees will be given targets to reach both individually and group wise. Act: Action is the change which is done by persons only the position of the person may vary from phase to phase. The team leader plays the main role as he is one who guides the team members. Conclusion: I came across all these changes in the management when I worked in the company but then I could not realise what exactly it was. But after coming here for Masters and learning about Change management and systems implementation I came to know that change in an organization plays a vital role. Change is not only needed for the organization but also individually as individually it helps in making a successful life ahead. Change does take time but later it gives successful results that are desired. Finally it is important for the organization to pace up with business needs and to also overcome the competitors. references http://www.uky.edu/~drlane/capstone/health/trans.html http://www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_PEST.htm http://www.infosys.com/about/what-we-do/Pages/index.aspx

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Modern World terms :: essays research papers

1. War of the Spanish Succession- (1701-14), conflict that arose out of the disputed succession to the throne of Spain following the death of the childless Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. The battles raged across Europe for eleven years. In an effort to regulate the impending succession, to which there were three principal claimants, England, the Dutch Republic, and France signed the First Treaty of Partition, agreeing Prince Joseph Ferdinand, should inherit Spain. 2. War of the Austrian Succession- (1740-1748). Maria Theresa of Austria succeeded her father Charles VI. She, as a woman, was seen as weak, and some other princes alleged rights to the thrown. The hostilities began with the invasion of Silesia by King Frederick II of Prussia and only ended with peace of Aix-la-Chapelle. Most of the military interest of the war lies in the struggle of Prussia and Austria for Silesia. 3. Seven Year’s War- (1754 and 1756-1763). decisive round in the Franco-British competition for colonial empire. With the Treat of Paris (1763) France lost all its possessions on the mainland of North America and gave up most of its holdings in India as well. By 1763, Britain had realized its goal of monopolizing a vast trade and colonial empire for its benefit. 4. cottage workers- workers who were paid to work in villages. Worked in spurts where the man tended to drink after they were paid. 5. enclosure system- authorized the fencing of open fields in a given village and the division of the common in proportion to one’s property in the open fields. It marked the completion of two major historical developments in England: the rise of market oriented estate agriculture and the emergence of a land less proletariat 6. domestic system- also known as the putting out system was a popular system of cloth production in Europe. It existed as early as the 1400s but was most prominent in the 17th and 18th centuries. Workers would work from home, manufacturing individual articles from raw materials, then bring them to a central place of business, such as a marketplace or a larger town, to be assembled and sold. 7. â€Å"spinsters†- widows and unmarried women who spun for their living 8. agricultural revolution- produced a transformation of human society brought about by the invention of the plow, making large scale agricultural production possible and leading to agrarian societies. Many people call it the â€Å"dawn of civilization.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Political Corruption Essay

Greetings and good morning to all of you. My speech today will address the topic on corruption and mainly the corrupted political system of India. After many years of ceaseless struggle for freedom, India gained it’s independence in the year 1947 at the cost of some brave and noble lives whom we still remember and pay our tributes to on the memorable days of India’s fight to freedom. Our dignified leaders with a team of members over a series of studies and meetings drafted, the Indian Constitution, in which every citizen has an equal standing before the law and this came into effect on January 26th 1950. After having come so far where does India stand today with relevance to equality for citizens. Everything in this era revolves around the decisions made by powerful people in society, particularly politicians resorting to misuse power for their personal gain and today’s India does not reflect the same spirit of our faithful leaders. The influence of money has crept into our society and corruption has become so common a thing that people have come in terms with this social evil. Be it politics, sports, media, or court, anything seems to be achievable in India if you have fame and money while the less privileged experience the hard hand of law thus depriving citizens of their rights to equality. This kind of fraudulency over a period of time thwarts a person’s morals and ethics, consequently leading to the nation’s intolerance against its leaders and outbursts of mass protests dragging a nation to agitation, confusion, social disorder and on top of these, innocent lives being sacrificed for the wrong deeds of a despotic leader. As we all know Egypt and other countries like Libya and Yemen had witnessed this kind of tumultuous protests and as we all know gruesome fights against the corrupted government are still ongoing in Syria. It’s time that the citizens of India wake up and join hands with anti-corruption crusaders like the 72 year old Gandhian, Anna Hazare, an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish official corruption and he pressed to pass the ‘Jan Lokpal Bill’. This is a bill that aims to change the way India tackles corruption. We should be determined not to allow corruption cripple our resourceful nation and tamper the economic growth of our country anymore. We children who are India’s future need to strongly value the good morals taught in homes and schools and strongly abide by them and fight towards a clean system and strive in every small way to bring about a change in this social evil. It is not an easy road and we as individuals can participate in this struggle by beginning to say NO to bribes. Dear friends, finally let me encourage you all to live by our motto â€Å"Lead kindly light† and radiate the values of life by our education and who knows we could probably be the future bearers of these offices that will pave way to be an exemplar of an ideal leader.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Free Essays on Wal Mart

Walmart Overview: In 1945, Sam Walton opened his first variety store and in 1962, he opened his first Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas. Now, Wal-Mart is expected to exceed â€Å"$200 billion a year in sales by 2002†¦(with current figures of) more than 100 million shoppers a week†¦(and as of 1999) it became the first (private-sector) company in the world to have more than one million employees.† Why? One reason is that Wal-Mart has continued â€Å"to lead the way in adopting cutting-edge technology to track how people shop, and to buy and deliver goods more efficiently and cheaply than any other rival.† Many examples exist throughout Wal-Mart’s history including its use of networks, satellite communication, UPC/barcode adoption and more. Much of the technology that was utilized helped Sam Walton more efficiently track what he originally noted on yellow legal pads. From the very beginning, he wanted to know what the customers purchased, what inventory was selling and what stock was not selling. Wal-Mart now â€Å"tracks on an almost instantaneous basis the ordering, shipment, and delivery of literally every item it sells, and that it requires its suppliers to hook into the system, enabling it to track most goods every step of the way from the time they’re made and packaged in the factories to when they’re carried out store doors by shoppers.† â€Å"Wal-Mart operates the world’s most powerful corporate computing system, with a capacity (as of late 1999) of more than 100 terabytes of data (A terabyte is 1,000 gigabytes, or roughly the equivalent of 250 million pages of text.). Only the U.S. government maintains a bigger database.† Sam Walton was eventually considered â€Å"the most influential retailer of the century, and with good reason, for nearly every great retailer of the coming years would follow his business examples.† Industrial Revolution: When the Industrial ... Free Essays on Wal Mart Free Essays on Wal Mart Walmart Overview: In 1945, Sam Walton opened his first variety store and in 1962, he opened his first Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas. Now, Wal-Mart is expected to exceed â€Å"$200 billion a year in sales by 2002†¦(with current figures of) more than 100 million shoppers a week†¦(and as of 1999) it became the first (private-sector) company in the world to have more than one million employees.† Why? One reason is that Wal-Mart has continued â€Å"to lead the way in adopting cutting-edge technology to track how people shop, and to buy and deliver goods more efficiently and cheaply than any other rival.† Many examples exist throughout Wal-Mart’s history including its use of networks, satellite communication, UPC/barcode adoption and more. Much of the technology that was utilized helped Sam Walton more efficiently track what he originally noted on yellow legal pads. From the very beginning, he wanted to know what the customers purchased, what inventory was selling and what stock was not selling. Wal-Mart now â€Å"tracks on an almost instantaneous basis the ordering, shipment, and delivery of literally every item it sells, and that it requires its suppliers to hook into the system, enabling it to track most goods every step of the way from the time they’re made and packaged in the factories to when they’re carried out store doors by shoppers.† â€Å"Wal-Mart operates the world’s most powerful corporate computing system, with a capacity (as of late 1999) of more than 100 terabytes of data (A terabyte is 1,000 gigabytes, or roughly the equivalent of 250 million pages of text.). Only the U.S. government maintains a bigger database.† Sam Walton was eventually considered â€Å"the most influential retailer of the century, and with good reason, for nearly every great retailer of the coming years would follow his business examples.† Industrial Revolution: When the Industrial ...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Essay Sample on Henry Ford The Key Data to Know

Essay Sample on Henry Ford The Key Data to Know Henry Ford was one of the first American industrialists. He is best known for his revolutionary achievements in the automobile industry. His love for automobiles started at the age of sixteen. But before that, he was just another small-town farmer. The Ford farm was located near Dearborn, Michigan. It was here Henry Ford was born, on July 20,1863. He went to local district schools like the rest of the children from his town. In 1880 Henry became a machinists apprentice in Detroit, where he learned the basics. Then only two years later Ford became a certified machinist, but returned to the family farm. 1888 to 1899 he was a mechanical engineer, and later chief engineer, with the Edison Illuminating Company. Ford married in 1891 and he and his bride, Clara Bryant, left the farm in Michigan and moved to Detroit. His life prospered in Detroit and with the birth of his daughter Edsel, in 1893, many people believed he should get a job that was more stable than trying to build cars. Most believed they were simple toys and would never replace the horse-drawn carriage. Then on the morning of June 4, 1896 Henry finished his first ever car, which became known as the Quadricycle. He took it for a drive around his block as many people stared. It was only big enough for him, even though his wife was excited about taking a ride in the horseless carriage. Soon she would get the experience, when he made the seat bigger and took to car out to his parents home. Finally having his work taken seriously, Henry formed the Ford Motor Company in 1903. Before his first year was up of owning the company the first Model A appeared on the market in Detroit. This would lead to many publicity events and even a law suit with the ALAM over the Selden Patent, which he eventually won. Then in 1908 he brought out the extremely popular the Model T. By 1912 Ford had many new ideas on ways In 1913 Ford began using the same parts and assembly-line techniques in his plant. Even though Ford did not come up with the idea or was the first to us assembly-line ideas, he was mainly responsible for their general adoption and for the following great development of American industry and the raising of the American standard of living. Around early 1914 this improvement, even though it greatly increased production, had resulted in a monthly labor earnings of 40 to 60 percent in his factory, mostly because of the unpleasant dullness of assembly-line work and repeated increases in the production quotas assigned to workers. Ford met this trouble by increasing his workers pay from what the normal manual laborer was making, $2.50, to $5. This increased stability in his labor force and a large decrease in operating costs. These factors, along with the huge increase in output made possible by new hi-tech methods, led to a doubling in company profits in two years. They went from $30 million in 1914 to $60 million in 1916. In 1927 the Model T was discontinued for a newer up-to-date version of the Model A. The company ended up selling almost 15 million cars. But in the next few years Ford’s leadership of the American car industry (as the largest producer and seller) dropped with his trouble of introducing a new car every year which had now become normal in the car business. During the 1930s Ford adopted the policy of the yearly changeover, but his company was unable to regain the position it had held before. From 1937 to 1941, the Ford company was the only major manufacturer of automobiles in the Detroit area that did not have any labor union as the collective bargaining spokesperson of employees. There were hearings in front of the National Labor Relations Board Ford in which Ford was found guilty of repeated violations of the National Labor Relations Act. The findings against him were upheld on appeal to the federal courts. Ford was forced to make a standard labor contract after a successful strike by the workers at his main plant at River Rouge, Michigan, in April 1941. In early 1941 the government granted Ford contracts which stated he was, at first, to manufacture parts for bombers and at one point an entire airplane. He then started the construction of a large plant at Willow Run, Michigan. His plant was a success, as it manufactured more than 8000 planes by the end of WW1. Henry Ford had many other accomplishments other than just that of cars. He went on peace ship to try to help stop WW1, was nominated for U.S. senator from Michigan, but he was defeated. In the next year he built the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit which cost nearly 7.5 million. In 1919 he became the publisher of a weekly journal called the Dearborn Independent. Ford was forced to retire from the active work of his many enterprises in 1945. He died two years later on April 7,1947 of stroke. Most of Ford’s fortune, estimated to have been between $500 to $700 million, went to the Ford Motor Company and started the nonprofit organization called the Ford Foundation.

Monday, November 4, 2019

2 cold war Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2 cold war - Assignment Example This was his response to the space race that heightened between the U.S and its rivals, the Soviet Union (Meagher and Gragg 59). During his regime, America came closest to war with the Soviet Union. This was the case of the Cuban missile when Kennedy threatened to resolve to military ways, a move that created a great crisis. This was the most challenging part of Kennedy’s rule on foreign policy matters. His efforts to suppress the Soviet Union’s threats of nuclear war were successful. He played a central role in reducing communism from spreading. Among his strategies to suppress communism, Kennedy used the Peace Corps initiative. Through the initiative, undeveloped societies benefited from humanitarian services offered by American volunteers. The role of Kennedy in the Cold War is interesting because of his brave and bold efforts to reduce the influential nature of spreading communism. His intellectual means of tackling some of the highest crisis, as that of the Vietnam, during the Cold War were plausible and appreciated by the international

Friday, November 1, 2019

PDP - Personal Development Portfolio Assignment

PDP - Personal Development Portfolio - Assignment Example Weaknesses 1. Reduced ability to analyze the concepts and the ideas in implementation of lecture information and data. 2. Experience with poor paper work due to poor personal organization, 3. Easily got bored with education –lecture and seminar as well as other routine work 4. Poor comprehensive planning skills – preferred to use lesson plans rather than class notes 5. Poor skills needed in comprehension of text provided during classroom lectures and orientation seminars Opportunities 1. There was a new path direction in the career 2. New and imitating challenge also grew bigger 3. Gained a lot of experience in different environments as well as gaining less restraints 4. There is no firm career progression as well as better earnings prospects existed. 5. Existed more autonomy in the career prospects Threats 1. There was not training qualifications 2. The experience in management lacked 3. Unaccustomed to work in different working environment 4. Lacked commercial experie nce to compete extensively 5. Many trainers were aiming the job market SKILLS, ABILITIES AND COMPETENCIES Interest in technology and science Working to polish a career I require a first-class academic locale and attention in scientific acquaintance. It is also vital to keep posted and examination for once familiarity against knowledge (Brennan, 2003). Good communication A good communication skill is needed in order to be able to communicate with the career team and also to direct and encourage client. Comfort in using complex equipment Career seekers work with modern equipments and technology. Careful concentration to detail Good powers of surveillance are needed and must pay nearby awareness to produce and detail exceedingly precise work even when underneath pressure. Noble interpersonal skills Direct connection with team members; i must be responsible, kind and have a sociable and proficient stance towards work and other members. Contented to labor as a team Functioning as chunk o f a team whose shared focus is the meeting goals and objectives. i require to identify how all these dissimilar populace intertwine and get pleasure from functioning as a team. PROGRESS MADE Get a learning company. I got a job at a company well-known in its business for raising its people. When I work for this kind of company, I am registered in a constant expansion program that goes past the scientific skills needed for your present role. This creates a great base for a triumphant career (Gordon, 2006). Remain tech-savvy- I forced myself to keep mechanical skills existing, even if fresh developments don't appear openly associated to my career job. WHAT ELSE DO I NEED TO DO Thinking global- In several industries; physical barriers to business are receiving less relevance. Co-worker, customers and stakeholders at the present and upcoming can be from everywhere in the world. I require obtaining the skill to work inside the global marketplace. Maintain a accomplishment journal. The mom ent to begin assessment concerning actions and skills should not be at the time one searching for a new-fangled job (Brockbank, 1998). Edifice and uphold expert network. One should be raising associations with people both outside and within organization. This populace will be helpful as the view of work alters. IMPORTANT THINGS NEEDED IN OBTAINING A JOB Assess and assert your strengths on a recurrent basis. Build up sensible and attainable

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Critical thinking Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critical thinking - Article Example Brief Summary The authors Edwards and Hewitt enumerated the three possible options on how to therapeutically respond to patients who self-harm. These include preventing self-harm, allowing self-harm and supervising self-harm. The first option, to prevent it, presented two advantages which include a) prevention of inflicting harm and b) demonstration of commitment to patients which make them feel important. However, these positive arguments were countered by four criticisms. The first is that it will lead to increased risk of suicide. Another argument is that it will increase the risk that patients will self-harm covertly that they will become desperate to try more drastic forms. Third criticism points that removing this coping mechanism of patients means their self-integrity will be undermined. Lastly, this option sends the message to the patients that they cannot be trusted. The second approach, non-interference or to allow it, gives the patients their sense of control over their si tuation and at the same time respects their autonomy. However, this approach may cause more damage and unforeseen harm which might eventually lead to suicide, as well as lessen their self-worth due to abandonment and may also desensitize the nurses to this disturbing situation. The authors supported the last option, to supervise self-harm, because they believe that this will not compromise the autonomy of the patients as well as make them feel being cared for and the nurses will also understand the patients by befriending them. The article As the authors Edwards and Hewitt discussed and evaluated the three contending options on how to deal with patients who self-harm, it can be said that they really are aiming to recommend the last option of supervising patients and being with them during self-harm. This is because as they presented the advantages of preventing and allowing self-harm, there were more arguments against these two choices. There weren't any sustainable evidences that w ill prove the effectiveness of the above mentioned approaches. This poses a problem because it can be said that these advantages are merely claims without any proof to support. However, the flow of the article is clear and straight. There is no long discussion of any other topics aside from those needed to create this article. The aim of the Edwards and Hewitt were achieved so as to ensure that the readers will be convinced to support the supervision of self-harm as against preventing or allowing it. The approach can be considered as biased because during the introduction of the article, opposition and arguments of allowing and preventing self-harm were already being pointed out by Edwards and Hewitt. The authors questioned if suppression and noninterference are justifiable. The authors failed to provide more support and evidences to their claim that supervising the patients during self-harm is the most effective. This poses a questionable conclusion. However, the arguments of the a uthors are consistent. They have clearly stated from start to end of the article that they supported the supervision of self-harm rather than the two other strategies that they explained. There is clear hypothesis and problem stated. The authors claimed that of the three options, the prevention strategy is the least plausible while there is a clear support to a supervised self-harm. This is because according to the qualitative exploration of Hume and Platt as presented by

Monday, October 28, 2019

White Resistance to the Civil Rights Movement Essay Example for Free

White Resistance to the Civil Rights Movement Essay Throughout Reconstruction, southern whites felt constantly threatened by legislation providing rights for former slaves. The Civil Rights Bill of 1875 was the last rights bill passed by congress during reconstruction. It protected all Americans’ (including blacks) access to public accommodations such as trains. With the threat of complete equality constantly looming, violence toward former slaves gradually increased in the years following the Civil War. Beatings and murders were committed by organized groups like the Ku Klux Klan, out-of-control mobs, and individual white southern men. During Reconstruction, white southerners had limited governmental power, so they resorted to violence in order to control African-Americans. Although it is true that some whites embraced the prospect of a new interracial landscape for America, many more reacted with hostility. They feared social and political change, and were very uncomfortable with the fact that their old way of life seemed gone for good. Although there were many forms of massive resistance to the Civil Rights Movement and what it stood for, the impact of white resistance, both violent and nonviolent, on this period in America’s history is truly immeasurable. There are two scholarly works that not only trace the white resistance movement with historical accuracy, but also stress the plight that African Americans felt at this tumultuous time in history. The books that I am referring to are â€Å"Massive Resistance: The White Response to the Civil Rights Movement† by George Lewis, and â€Å"Rabble Rousers: The American Far Right in the Civil Rights Era† By Clive Webb. Although these works are both written about the same period in history, they depict much different points of view concerning white resistance and what brought it on. The â€Å"southern way of life† encompassed very distinct mixtures of economic, cultural, and social practices. Because of this, integration of African Americans into everyday life did not come without resistance. In this paper I intend to interpret and compare these two scholarly books, while explaining the role of the states and the federal government as well as individual groups in the progression and eventual fragmentation of these white resistance movements. The first thing that can be observed upon glancing at George Lewiss book â€Å"Massive resistance† is its cover image. It is a photograph of elementary school children and women protesting against desegregation in New Orleans in 1960. The main focus of the picture depicts two women yelling loudly along a sidewalk. At their side, a young schoolboy holds a poster that reads: All I want for Christmas is a clean white school. Other women and children stand in the background. One person is holding a poster that refers to states rights, as others gaze toward the street. Two women are attending the event wearing handkerchiefs and curlers, indicating that they possibly had rushed out of their homes to partake in the mornings activities. Above the scene is the books title, Massive Resistance. To a reader who might be unfamiliar with the general topic of this book, the cover’s text and image might illustrate somewhat of a contradiction. What people fail to consider is that massive resistance did not solely amount to what is visible in the photograph on the books cover. This does not depict all that stood in the way of African-Americans struggling to gain their civil rights. Women and children yelling from sidewalks with posters was one of many responses used by American Southerners in opposition to desegregation. In his book, George Lewis reveals the many ways in which southerners went about these acts of massive resistance. Throughout the book, Lewis traces the historical evolution of the term ‘massive resistance’ and explores the variety of contexts in which it was carried out. In discussing the role of Senator Harry Flood of Virginia, as well as elements of the mass media, Lewis reveals the many causes and actors in the acts of massive resistance. At first, massive resistance was the response of different elements of white society in the South, in opposition to the federal governments plans to desegregate southern society. Lewis discharges many historical explanations that viewed massive resistance as simply being carried out by southern political elites. He also dismisses the idea that the resistance only occurred at the well-known sites of segregationist protests such as Little Rock, Ole Miss and Birmingham. The author also discusses activities occurring at the grassroots level, which reveals that the movement of southern white resistance was very diverse. In regards to the beginning of the movement, Lewis rejects the idea that the Supreme Courts Brown decision was the only event that started massive resistance. He states that citing Brown as the single catalyst shows that many scholars have misread the movement. He believes that the movement was more complex than that. As an amorphous beast, massive resistance must be viewed as a phenomenon that was too sprawling, and simply not sufficiently obedient, to have been ushered into existence by a single landmark event (24). Lewis divides the movement into three historical periods of resistance activity, and then examines different ways in which it was displayed. He explores each phase chapter by chapter. By doing this, he covers many aspects such as the tactics used in various states, the role of the Souths political elite and Citizens Councils, the actions of state legislatures, the role of the mass media, and white justifications for their discriminatory policies (they call it a product of long-standing southern culture and tradition). The first period of focus covers the immediate years following the Brown decision of 1954 up until the signing of the Southern Manifesto, which signaled the start of the second period of resistance. Finally, the third period included the first half of the sixties, which is when the movement gradually lost its strength at the political and social levels. Webb’s documentation of this historic period of time provides a stark contrast to Lewis. In â€Å"Rabble Rousers: The American Far Right in the Civil Rights Era,† Clive Webb describes the stories of five white extremists who conducted war against integration with intense hate. The purpose of Webb’s work is to assess the causes, characteristics, and consequences of far-right activism in the South from the 1950s to the 1960s (p. 2). Webb argues that these men were not extreme abnormalities, but that they represented something deeply rooted in the American political culture, which is something seen in todays resurgent far right (p. 214). Out of the five men Webb profiles, two focused their energies on fighting school desegregation and entered their target communities as outsiders (Bryant Bowles and John Kasper), two of them were former military men who attempted many unsuccessful campaigns for political office and encouraged violence as a necessary means to defend their homeland (John Crommelin and Edwin A.Walker), and one was the most violently fanatical racist spawned by massive resistance who served as legal defense for offenders of anti-civil-rights violence, was suspected in bombings and murders, and also laid the foundation for contemporary white hate organizations (p. 153). To fuel violence, these self-proclaimed saviors of the white race also made whites fear black men preying on white women. Finally, although the men showed a lot of variation in their stories, they were similar in that they all developed anti-black stances, even though they had little knowledge of or interaction with blacks. In this work, Webb shows how local political contexts shaped these men’s successes and failures. He also shows how these five men and the organizations that they were affiliated with affected the overall course of massive resistance. He gives evidence of the ways in which support of free speech created an unexpected connection between the far right and far left. He calls the men and the organizations and actions they were affiliated terrorist, creating a more contemporary view of the situation. These five men were ostracized and repeatedly arrested during the civil rights era, but at the same time they were enabled by the support of white elites. While massive resisters continued to pursue their agenda throughout this broad period of time, forces that were involved in the struggle for civil rights and desegregation challenged the institutionalized system of racism that had forever been the norm in the South. Their efforts along with the commitment of the federal government led to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As a result, segregation and political disenfranchisement of African-Americans in the South were illegal. The two works by Lewis and Webb give completely different depictions of massive resistance by southern whites during this era, while still conveying similar messages. After researching these two books, I have come away with a clearer understanding of the forces and dynamics that comprised the massive resistance movement. Sources: Lewis, G. (2006). Massive resistance: The white response to the civil rights movement. London, England: Bloomsbury, USA. Webb, C. (2010). Rabble rousers: The American far right in the civil rights era. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Body and Nature as Metaphor in A Thousand Acres Essay -- Smiley Thousa

Body and Nature as Metaphor in A Thousand Acres Most issues on a farm return to the issue of keeping up appearances. (Smiley p.199) [T]he female body is a reservoir, a virgin patch of still, pooled water where the fetus comes to term. (Paglia p.27) [A] fetus is a benign tumor, a vampire who steals in order to live. (Paglia p.11) The epigraph to this novel is from "The Ancient People and the Newly Come": The body repeats the landscape. They are the source of each other and create each other. We were marked by the seasonal body of earth, by the terrible migrations of people, by the swift turn of a century, verging on change never before experienced on this greening planet. This encompasses much of what the novel is about, every phrase having some significance for its project. Human bodies, as well as the "body of earth", are subject to both seasonal and social change. I argue elsewhere how Ginny's body becomes a signifying system for social intercourse, as does the scenery surrounding her. Here, I would like to explore the multiplex meanings of the motif of the tiles. When Ginny's ancestors arrived, their land was marshy, wet, impossible to farm. Laying down tiles drained the water and became the basis for their wealth- "magically, tile produced prosperity"(15). This signifies the control that capitalist industrial farming exerts toward nature, a control that ultimately becomes destructive. As Jess tells Ginny, the way Larry farms has poisoned the land and its people: "People have known for ten years or more that nitrates in well water cause miscarriages and death of infants. Don't you know that the fertilizer runoff drains into the aquifer?" (165). The surface richness and the treacherous, wet p... ...y to turn the destructive forces to her advantage. The important difference, bringing together issues of body and nature in the novel, is that her poison is not chemical, but natural: the root of water hemlock. Ginny envisions her poisoning of Rose's body as the inevitable result of the incest of Rose, but it is indirectly also the result of the abuse of her: "I thought [...] of that cell dividing in the dark and then living rather than dying, subdividing, multiplying, growing, Rose's real third child [...]. Her dark child, the child of her union with Daddy."(323) When she destroys the jar of poison, the only remaining object of her past life and the metaphoric container of that life's destructive path, she stops the spreading of social and filial poison, hindering its influence on the lives of the future generation: Pammy and Linda. That is the hope of the future. Body and Nature as Metaphor in A Thousand Acres Essay -- Smiley Thousa Body and Nature as Metaphor in A Thousand Acres Most issues on a farm return to the issue of keeping up appearances. (Smiley p.199) [T]he female body is a reservoir, a virgin patch of still, pooled water where the fetus comes to term. (Paglia p.27) [A] fetus is a benign tumor, a vampire who steals in order to live. (Paglia p.11) The epigraph to this novel is from "The Ancient People and the Newly Come": The body repeats the landscape. They are the source of each other and create each other. We were marked by the seasonal body of earth, by the terrible migrations of people, by the swift turn of a century, verging on change never before experienced on this greening planet. This encompasses much of what the novel is about, every phrase having some significance for its project. Human bodies, as well as the "body of earth", are subject to both seasonal and social change. I argue elsewhere how Ginny's body becomes a signifying system for social intercourse, as does the scenery surrounding her. Here, I would like to explore the multiplex meanings of the motif of the tiles. When Ginny's ancestors arrived, their land was marshy, wet, impossible to farm. Laying down tiles drained the water and became the basis for their wealth- "magically, tile produced prosperity"(15). This signifies the control that capitalist industrial farming exerts toward nature, a control that ultimately becomes destructive. As Jess tells Ginny, the way Larry farms has poisoned the land and its people: "People have known for ten years or more that nitrates in well water cause miscarriages and death of infants. Don't you know that the fertilizer runoff drains into the aquifer?" (165). The surface richness and the treacherous, wet p... ...y to turn the destructive forces to her advantage. The important difference, bringing together issues of body and nature in the novel, is that her poison is not chemical, but natural: the root of water hemlock. Ginny envisions her poisoning of Rose's body as the inevitable result of the incest of Rose, but it is indirectly also the result of the abuse of her: "I thought [...] of that cell dividing in the dark and then living rather than dying, subdividing, multiplying, growing, Rose's real third child [...]. Her dark child, the child of her union with Daddy."(323) When she destroys the jar of poison, the only remaining object of her past life and the metaphoric container of that life's destructive path, she stops the spreading of social and filial poison, hindering its influence on the lives of the future generation: Pammy and Linda. That is the hope of the future.